Fire Types
Fires are classified into categories based on their fuel source:
Class A: Combustible materials like wood, paper, and fabric.
Class B: Flammable liquids like gasoline, oil, and paint.
Class C: Electrical equipment.
Class D: Combustible metals like magnesium or sodium.
Class K: Cooking oils and fats.
Equipment
Firefighters use specialized gear to protect themselves and combat fires:
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Fire-resistant suits, helmets, gloves, and boots.
Breathing Apparatus: To avoid inhaling smoke or toxic gases.
Fire Engines: Vehicles equipped with hoses, pumps, ladders, and water tanks.
Tools: Axes, thermal imaging cameras, fire extinguishers, and hoses.
Techniques
Fire Suppression: Using water, foam, or chemical agents to extinguish flames.
Search and Rescue: Locating and evacuating individuals from hazardous environments.
Ventilation: Removing smoke and heat to improve visibility and reduce the risk of flashovers.
Fire Prevention: Educating the public on fire safety and inspecting buildings for fire hazards.
Training
Firefighters undergo rigorous training in:
- Fire behavior and dynamics.
- Emergency medical care.
- Hazardous materials handling.
- Urban search and rescue operations.
Safety
Firefighting is inherently dangerous, so safety protocols are critical:
- Always work in teams for mutual support.
- Regular maintenance and testing of equipment.
- Continuous situational awareness during operations.
Modern Challenges
Wildfires due to climate change.
High-rise building fires.
Industrial accidents involving chemicals.
Increasing urbanization leading to complex rescue scenarios.